Explorations and Travel in the Caucasus in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries

Read the paper by Karina Vamling (2022) on a Swedish travelogue about a journey to the South Caucasus in 1895: Maria Anholm in Georgia and her book “I Gogs och Magogs land” (1895). Click to access

Read travelogues and other field studies on early explorations of the Caucasus

1787 – Pallas, P. S & D. J. A. Güldenstädt. Reisen durch Russland und im Caucasischen Gebürge. (go to)

1814 – Klaproth, J. von: Travels in the Caucasus and Georgia, performed in the years 1807 and 1808 (go to)
1815 – Engelhardt, M. von: Reise in die Krym und den Kaukasus (go to)
1819 – Voyage de l’Inde en Angleterre, par la Perse, la Géorgie, la Russie, la Pologne et la Prusse, fait en 1817 par le lieutenant-colonel Johnson (go to)

1823 – Freygang, F. von: Letters from the Caucasus and Georgia : to which are added, the account of a journey into Persia in 1812, and an abridged history of Persia since the time of Nadir Shah (go to)
1823 – Glen, W.: Journal of a tour from Astrachan to Karass, north of the mountains of Caucasus, containing remarks on the general appearances of the country, manners of the inhabitants, with the substance of many conversations with effendis, mollas, and other Mohammedans, on the questions at issue between them and Christians (go to)
1825 – Lyall, R.: Travels in Russia, the Krimea, the Caucasus, and Georgia (go to)
1826 – Gamba, J F: Voyage dans la Russie méridionale, et particulièrement dans les provinces situées au-delà du Caucase, fait depuis 1820 jusqu’en 1824 (go to)

1830 – Halen, J. Van: Memoirs of Don Juan van Halen; comprising the narrative of his imprisonment in the dungeons of the Inquisition at Madrid, and of his escape, his journey to Russia, his campaign with the army of the Caucasus (go to)
1834 – Eichwald, C E von: Reise auf dem caspischen Meere und in den Caucasus (go to)
1837 – Spencer, E: Travels in Circassia, Krim-tartary, including a steam voyage down the Danube, from Vienna to Constantinople, and round the Black sea (go to Vol. 1), (go to Vol. 2)
1837 – Taitbout de Marigny, E: Three voyages in the Black Sea to the coast of Circassia: including descriptions of the ports, and the importance of their trade: with sketches of the manners, customs, religion (go to)
1838 – Spencer, E: Travels in the western Caucasus, including a tour through Imeritia, Mingrelia, Turkey, Moldavia, Galicia, Silesia, and Moravia, in 1836 (go to)
1839 – Dubois de Montpéreaux, F: Voyage autour du Caucase, chez les Tcherkesses et les Abkhases, en Colchide, en Géorgie, en Arménie et en Crimée (go to)
1839 – Wilbraham, R: Travels in the Trans-Caucasian provinces of Russia, and along the southern shore of the lakes of Van and Urumiah, in the autumn and winter of 1837 (go to)

1840 – Longworth, J. A:  A year among the Circassians (go to)
1842 – Koch, K: Reise durch Russland nach dem kaukasischen Isthmus in den Jahern 1836, 1837 und 1838 (go to)
1847 – Hommaire de Hell, X: Travels in the steppes of the Caspian sea, the Crimea, the Caucasus (go to)
1848 – Wagner, Moritz: Reise nach dem Ararat und dem Hochland Armenien (go to)

1850 – Березин, И.: Путешествие по Дагестану и Закавказью (go to)
1850 – Ditson, G L: Circassia: Or, A Tour to the Caucasus (go to)
1851 – Koch, K H E: Die kaukasische Militärstrasse, der Kuban und die Halbinsel Taman : Erinnerungen aus einer Reise von Tiflis nach der Krim (go to)
1851 – Костенецкий, Я: Записки об аварской экспедиции на Кавказ 1837 года (go to)
1852 – Wagner, M: Reise nach Persien und dem Lande der Kurden (go to)
1853 – Russe, A: Sketches of Russian life in the Caucasus (go to)
1854 – Haxthausen, A, von: Transcaucasia : sketches of the nations and races between the Black Sea and the Caspian. (go to)
1854 – Loewe, L: A dictionary of the Circassian language. In two parts: English-Circassian-Turkish, and Circassian-English-Turkish. Containing all the most necessary words for the traveller (go to)
1856 – Haxthausen A: Transkaukasia. Andeutungen über das familien- und gemeindeleben und die socialen verhältnisse einiger )völker zwischen dem Schwarzen und Kaspischen meere (go to)
1856 – Sandwith, H: Narrative of the siege of Kars, and of the six months’ resistance by the Turkish garrison under General Williams to the Russian army: together with a narrative of travel and adventures in Armenia and lazistan; the remarks on the presents state of Turkey (go to)
1856 – Wagner, M: Travels in Persia, Georgia and Koordistan : with sketches of the Cossacks and the Caucasus (go to)
1857 – Вердеревский, Е: От Зауралья до Закавказья (go to)
1858-1859 – Kolenati, F A.: Reiseerinnerungen. Hocharmenies und Elisabethpols, der Schekinschen Provinz und den Kasbek im Central-Kaukasus (go to)
1859 – Gille, F: Lettres sur le Caucase et la Crimée : ouvrage enrichi de trente vignettes dessinées d’après nature (go to)
1859 – Dumas, Alexandre in Le Caucase : journal de voyages et romans (go to)
1859 – De Bode, B: Sketch of Hilly Daghestan, with the Lesghi Tribes of the Eastern Chain of the Caucasus (go to)

1864 – Воспоминания кавказского офицера, 1835, 36, 37 и 38 года (go to)
1865 – Dumas, A: Impressions de voyage. : Le Caucase, (go to)
1865 – Фадеев, Р: Письма с Кавказа к редактору московских ведомостей (go to)
1865 – Ussher, J: A journey from London to Persepolis; including wanderings in Daghestan, Georgia, Armenia, Kurdistan, Mesopotamia, and Persia (go to)
1866-1868 – Petzholdt, A: Der Kaukasus. Eine naturhistorische so wie land- und volkswirtschaftliche Studie (ausgeführt im Jahre 1863 und 1864) (go to)
1867 – Die Kaukasischen Länder und Armenien in Reiseschilderungen von Curzon, K. Koch, Macintosh, Spencer und Wilbraham (go to)
1867 – Mexborough, J Ch:: Half round the Old world. Being some account of a tour in Russia, the Caucasus, Persia, and Turkey, 1865-66 (go to)
1868 – Freshfield, D: Journey in the Caucasus and Ascent of Kasbek and Elbruz (go to)
1869 – Freshfield, D W: Travels in the Central Caucasus and Bashan (go to)
1869 – Надеждин, П. Природа и люди на Кавказе и за Кавказом по разсказам путешественников, поэтическим призведениям А Пушкина, Лермонтова, Полонскаго и ученым изследованиям (Учебное пособие) (go to)

1872 – Cunynghame, H H: Travels in the Eastern Caucasus (go to)
1872 – Mounsey, A H: A Journey Through the Caucasus and the Interior of Persia (go to)
1875 – Murray, J: Handbook for travellers in Russia, Poland and Finland; including the Crimea, Caucasus, Siberia, and Central Asia (go to)
1875 – Thielmann, M: Journey in the Caucasus, Persia and Turkey in Asia, in Two Volumes (go to)
1876 – Telfer, J B: The Crimea and Transcaucasia; being the narrative of a journey in the Kouban, in Gouria, Georgia, Armenia, Ossety, Imeritia, Swannety, and Mingrelia, and in the Tauric range (go to)

1881 – Koechin-Schwarz, A: Un touriste au Caucase: Volga, Caspienne, Caucase (go to)
1881 – Phillipps-Wolley, C: Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus (go to)
1883 – Philips-Wolley, C: Savage Svânetia (go to)
1883 – d’Avigdor, E H: Notes on the Caucasus, by Wanderer (go to)
1887 – Марков, Е: Очерки Кавказа; картины кавказской жизни, природу и истории (go to)
1888 – Michell, T: Handbook for travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland : including the Crimea, Caucasus, Siberia, and Central Asia (go to)
1889 – Abercromby, J: A trip through the eastern Caucasus, with a chapter on the languages of the country (go to)

1891 – Gulbenkian, C S: La Transcaucasie et la péninsule d’Apchéron; souvenirs de voyage (go to)
1891 – Mehran, DHN: A Collection of Photographs taken in Persia, Turkey and in the Caucasus, during a seven months journey in 1891 (go to)
1892 – Hahn, C H von: Aus dem Kaukasus (go to)
1893 – Catalogue of the Sella collection of Alpine and Caucasian views (go to)
1894 – Mourier, J: Guide au Caucase (go to)
1895 – Radde, G: Der Nordfuss des Dagestan und das vorlagernde Tiefland bis zur Kuma : Vorläufiger Bericht über die im Sommer 1894 ausgeführten Reisen (go to)
1895 – Семенов, НС: Туземцы Северо-восточного Кавказа (go to)
1896 – Hahn, C H von: Kaukasische Reisen und Studien, neue Beiträge zur Kenntnis des kaukasischen Landes (go to)
1896 – Freshfield, Douglas: The exploration of the Caucasus (go to)
1896 – Harris, B. W: From Batum to Baghdad (go to)
1896 – Hodgetts, EA: Round about Armenia: the record of a journey across the Balkans through Turkey, the Caucasus, and Persia in 1895 (go to)
1898 – Bryce, J: Transcaucasia and Ararat : being notes of a vacation tour in the autumn of 1876 (go to)
1898 – Dana, Ch: Eastern journeys: some notes of travel in Russia, in the Caucasus, and to Jerusalem (go to)
1898 – Demidov, E: Hunting trips in the Caucasus (go to)
1899 – Sarre, F: Transkaukasien, Persien, Mesopotamien, Transkaspien (photos) (go to)

1901 – Merzbacher, G: Aus den hochregionen des Kaukasus : wanderungen, erlebnisse, beobachtungen (go to)
1905 – Déchy, Mór: Kaukasus: Reisen und Forschungen im kaukasischen Hochgebirge (go to)
1910 – Les dévoilées du Caucase; notes de voyage. [par la] Duchesse de Rohan (go to)
1910 – Hone, J M: Persia in revolution; with notes of travel in the Caucasus (go to)

1911 – Curtis, W E: Around The Black Sea : Asia Minor, Armenia, Caucasus, Circassia, Daghestan, the Crimea, Roumania (go to)
1911 – Graham, S: A vagabond in the Caucasus; with some notes of his experiences among the Russians (go to)
1912 – Durch den Kaukasus, Armenien und das Wolgagebiet (go to)
1912 – Herbert, Agnes: Casuals in the Caucasus; the diary of a sporting holiday (go to)
1916 – Through Turkestan and the Caucasus, a letter from Frederick Holbrook to his wife (go to)

1936 – Tuganoff, Moussa Bey: From tsar to Cheka : the story of a Circassian under tsar, padishah, and Cheka (go to)